This page was translated from Japanese by machine translation. The Japanese page is the original.

CNC Mill

A gantry machine seen from the front, with arrows for the X and Z motions

This is a build log for a DIY portable gantry CNC machine designed for drilling holes in large weldments and plates. The bottom is open so it can be set directly onto a workpiece or on a workbench stand. It is currently in the design stage, and the physical machine has not been built yet. The values shown here are from calculations and reference materials, and have not been verified on an actual machine.

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Capabilities (Targets)

Main machiningDrilling plate (thickness 9–32 mm), slotting blocks, rigid tapping, thread milling, light milling
Spindle reach656×456 mm (522×456 mm with tool rack installed)
Z stroke150 mm
SpindleBT30, 1 kW servo with 2:1 belt. Rated 6.4 N·m, max 3000 rpm
DrillingUp to φ12. Larger holes via end mill helical milling
Tool changerBT30 automatic tool changer. 5-tool rack
Accuracy targetDiameter 0.01 mm (finish boring), position ±0.05 mm
Rapid feed3 m/min
Dimensions1000×800 mm, height approx. 750 mm (approx. 550 mm when retracted)
WeightMachine approx. 189 kg, stand approx. 140 kg
ControlLinuxCNC and Mesa 7I76EU (candidate)
Estimated costApprox. 400,000–500,000 yen (excluding steel stock, machining costs, and tax)

Documentation

DocumentContents
Machine Shape and DimensionsOverview of the current design
Stand and Plate Clamping MethodsWorkbench stand, keyway positioning, and clamping
Tool Changer RackChanging procedure and dimensions
Machining Methods for Precision HolesChoosing between drilling, helical milling, and boring
Bill of Materials and Dimensioned DrawingsList of custom-fabricated parts and purchased components
Structural Analysis CalculationsFinite element analysis (FEA) for all proposals
Component CalculationsCutting forces, spindle, feed axes, etc.
Reasons for Configuration ChoicesWhy we chose these types and components
Control and Electrical ConfigurationLinuxCNC, I/O, and power supply
Purchased Component Specs and DimensionsMounting dimensions and reference sources
Measuring Linear Guide PlayInspection procedure for on-hand guides
Shopping ListCandidates and price estimates

Next Steps

  1. Measure the play, length, and rigidity of the linear guides on hand to finalize the rail cut positions and frame dimensions.
  2. Source the head and spindle servo, and verify the fit of dimensions and controls.
  3. Create fabrication drawings that include mounting holes.
  4. Build the frame, have the mounting surfaces outsourced for machining, and assemble it.
  5. Measure accuracy on a test plate and compensate for pitch errors.

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